Overview
Splenic rupture is a medical emergency where the spleen tears or bursts, often due to trauma, leading to internal bleeding and potential shock.
Symptoms
Sudden, severe pain in the upper left abdomen Shoulder pain (referred pain) Dizziness, fainting, or rapid heartbeat Signs of shock: pale skin, cold clammy hands Abdominal tenderness and swelling
Causes
Blunt trauma from accidents, falls, or sports injuries Enlarged spleen due to infections or blood disorders Medical conditions weakening the spleen
Diagnosis
Physical examination and assessment of vital signs Ultrasound or CT scan to detect internal bleeding Blood tests to evaluate anemia or shock
Treatment
Emergency surgery (splenectomy or spleen repair) Blood transfusions if needed Monitoring and supportive care in intensive care Prevention of infection if spleen is removed