This information supports, and does not replace, advice from your healthcare professional.
Overview
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder causing inflammation of joints and potential systemic complications.
Symptoms
Joint pain, swelling, and stiffness (especially in mornings) Symmetrical involvement of joints Fatigue, fever, loss of appetite Joint deformities in long-standing disease
Causes
Autoimmune attack on synovium Genetic susceptibility (HLA-DR4) Environmental triggers (smoking, infections)
Diagnosis
Clinical evaluation of joints Blood tests: rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP antibodies, ESR/CRP Imaging: X-ray, ultrasound, or MRI of affected joints
Treatment
NSAIDs and corticosteroids for inflammation DMARDs (methotrexate, sulfasalazine) Biologic agents for refractory disease Physiotherapy and occupational therapy