Overview
High cholesterol is a condition where there is too much cholesterol in the blood, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis, heart attack, and stroke.
Symptoms
Typically asymptomatic Severe cases may lead to chest pain or heart attack Xanthomas (fatty deposits under the skin) in rare inherited cases
Causes
Diet high in saturated fats and trans fats Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking Genetic factors (familial hypercholesterolemia) Underlying medical conditions like diabetes or hypothyroidism
Diagnosis
Blood tests measuring LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides
Treatment
Lifestyle changes: healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management Medications: statins, fibrates, or cholesterol absorption inhibitors Regular monitoring of blood cholesterol levels
Complications
Atherosclerosis and plaque buildup in arteries Heart attack, stroke, or peripheral artery disease Increased risk of cardiovascular events
Prevention
Healthy diet low in saturated and trans fats Regular physical activity Maintaining healthy weight and avoiding smoking Routine blood cholesterol checks