Overview
Hereditary spastic paraplegia is a group of inherited disorders that cause progressive stiffness and weakness in the legs due to nerve degeneration in the spinal cord.
Symptoms
Progressive stiffness and spasticity in the legs Difficulty walking and balance problems Muscle weakness in lower limbs Occasionally urinary issues or mild cognitive changes
Causes
Genetic mutations affecting nerve function and spinal cord neurons
Diagnosis
Neurological examination Family history review Genetic testing to identify mutations MRI scans to rule out other causes
Treatment
No cure; treatment focuses on managing symptoms Physiotherapy and stretching exercises to reduce spasticity Medications to relax muscles or improve mobility Mobility aids if needed
Complications
Progressive difficulty walking Muscle contractures and joint problems Reduced quality of life in severe cases
Prevention
No known prevention due to genetic origin Genetic counseling for families at risk