Overview
Goitre is the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can cause swelling in the neck. It may be associated with normal, reduced, or increased thyroid hormone levels.
Symptoms
Visible swelling in the neck Tight feeling in the throat Coughing or hoarseness in some cases Difficulty swallowing or breathing if large
Causes
Iodine deficiency Thyroid inflammation or autoimmune disease Overactive or underactive thyroid Certain medications or nodules
Diagnosis
Physical examination Blood tests for thyroid hormone levels Ultrasound or imaging of the thyroid
Treatment
Address underlying cause (iodine supplementation or medication) Surgery in cases of large or symptomatic goitre Regular monitoring of thyroid function
Complications
Difficulty breathing or swallowing Thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism) Cosmetic concerns
Prevention
Ensure sufficient dietary iodine intake Regular check-ups for thyroid health