Overview
Giant cell arteritis is an inflammation of the lining of the arteries, usually in the head, especially the temples. It can lead to severe complications if untreated.
Symptoms
Severe headaches, especially in the temples Scalp tenderness Jaw pain while chewing Vision problems or sudden vision loss Fever and fatigue
Causes
Exact cause unknown Likely an autoimmune response causing arterial inflammation Genetic and environmental factors may contribute
Diagnosis
Blood tests for inflammation markers (ESR, CRP) Temporal artery biopsy Imaging studies (ultrasound or MRI)
Treatment
High-dose corticosteroids to reduce inflammation Regular monitoring for side effects of medication Immunosuppressive drugs in certain cases
Complications
Vision loss or blindness Aneurysms or arterial damage Stroke or other vascular complications
Prevention
No known prevention, but early diagnosis and treatment reduce complications