Overview
Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a condition where patients experience neurological symptoms such as weakness, movement disorders, or seizures without a structural neurological disease. Symptoms are real but arise from abnormal functioning of the nervous system.
Symptoms
Weakness or paralysis of limbs Tremors, spasms, or abnormal movements Seizures resembling epilepsy Difficulty walking or maintaining balance Speech problems or vision changes
Causes
Abnormal brain network function affecting movement and sensation Stress, trauma, or psychological factors may trigger symptoms
Diagnosis
Neurological examination Rule out structural neurological diseases with imaging and tests Observation of symptom patterns and triggers
Treatment
Physical therapy to improve mobility Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) Occupational therapy and symptom management strategies Address underlying stress or psychological factors
Complications
Reduced quality of life Functional disability Emotional distress or depression
Prevention
Early recognition and treatment of symptoms Stress management and psychological support