Overview
Falls are accidental events where a person comes to rest inadvertently on the ground or lower level. They are a major cause of injury, especially in older adults.
Symptoms
Bruises, cuts, or fractures Pain or swelling Head injuries or concussions Loss of confidence or fear of falling again
Causes
Slips, trips, or uneven surfaces Muscle weakness or balance problems Medication side effects (dizziness or hypotension) Environmental hazards at home or work
Diagnosis
Physical examination Imaging for suspected fractures or head injury Assessment of balance and mobility
Treatment
Immediate care for injuries (bandages, splints, surgery if needed) Pain management and rehabilitation Physical therapy for balance and strength
Complications
Fractures, head injuries, or internal bleeding Long-term mobility issues Psychological fear of falling again
Prevention
Keep living spaces free of obstacles and slippery surfaces Use supportive footwear and assistive devices if needed Maintain muscle strength and balance through exercise