Overview
Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, usually caused by bacteria. It can damage heart valves and lead to severe complications.
Symptoms
Fever and chills Heart murmur Fatigue and weakness Shortness of breath Swelling in legs or abdomen
Causes
Bacterial infection entering the bloodstream Underlying heart conditions or damaged valves Intravenous drug use Medical procedures that introduce bacteria into the bloodstream
Diagnosis
Blood cultures to identify the infecting organism Echocardiogram to detect valve damage Blood tests for inflammation and infection markers
Treatment
High-dose intravenous antibiotics Surgery to repair or replace damaged valves in severe cases Supportive care for heart function
Complications
Heart failure due to valve damage Stroke from blood clots Sepsis and multi-organ failure
Prevention
Good dental hygiene and regular check-ups Antibiotic prophylaxis before certain procedures in high-risk patients Prompt treatment of infections