Overview
Eating disorders are mental health conditions characterized by abnormal eating habits, which negatively affect physical and emotional health. They include disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder.
Symptoms
Extreme concern with body weight or shape Restricting food intake or binge eating Purging behaviors such as vomiting or misuse of laxatives Changes in mood, anxiety, or social withdrawal Physical symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, or gastrointestinal issues
Causes
Genetic and biological factors Psychological factors like low self-esteem or perfectionism Sociocultural pressures and exposure to media ideals Stressful life events or trauma
Diagnosis
Medical history and physical examination Psychological evaluation and questionnaires Monitoring eating patterns and behaviors Laboratory tests to check for nutritional deficiencies or complications
Treatment
Psychotherapy (cognitive behavioral therapy, family therapy) Nutrition counseling and meal planning Medications for coexisting conditions like anxiety or depression Hospitalization in severe cases
Complications
Malnutrition and weight-related issues Heart problems, gastrointestinal issues, or electrolyte imbalances Bone density loss and hormonal changes Increased risk of mental health disorders
Prevention
Promoting healthy body image and self-esteem Early intervention if disordered eating behaviors are noticed Education on balanced nutrition and media literacy