Overview
Cyclical vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder characterised by recurrent, severe episodes of vomiting that have no apparent cause. These episodes can last for hours or days and occur in cycles, with symptom-free periods in between.
Symptoms
Repeated episodes of intense vomiting Nausea Abdominal pain Fatigue and dehydration Pale skin Headache during episodes
Causes
Exact cause unknown Possible link to migraines Genetic predisposition in some families Triggers may include stress, infections, certain foods
Diagnosis
Medical history and symptom pattern Exclusion of other gastrointestinal disorders Blood tests, imaging, or endoscopy as needed
Treatment
Hydration and electrolyte replacement Anti-nausea medications (e.g., ondansetron) Medications to prevent episodes (e.g., amitriptyline) Identifying and avoiding triggers
Complications
Dehydration Electrolyte imbalances Missed school or work
Prevention
Keeping a trigger diary Avoiding known triggers Early intervention at onset of symptoms