Overview
Brain haemorrhage refers to bleeding within the brain tissue or surrounding areas, often due to a ruptured blood vessel. It is a medical emergency that can lead to brain damage or death.
Causes
High blood pressure (hypertension) Head injury or trauma Aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) Blood clotting disorders Certain medications (e.g., blood thinners)
Signs and Symptoms
Sudden severe headache Nausea and vomiting Weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg Difficulty speaking or understanding speech Loss of balance or coordination Seizures Changes in vision
Diagnosis
CT scan or MRI to locate the bleed Angiography to assess blood vessels Blood tests to check for clotting disorders
Treatment and Management
Immediate hospitalization and monitoring Medications to control blood pressure, swelling, or seizures Surgery in some cases to remove blood or repair damaged vessels Rehabilitation to recover lost function
Prevention
Maintain healthy blood pressure Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol use Manage chronic conditions such as diabetes or high cholesterol Use protective gear to prevent head injuries