Overview
Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids, often at the base of the eyelashes. It can cause redness, irritation, itching, and crusting. Although not usually sight-threatening, it can be chronic and uncomfortable.
Causes
Bacterial infections (commonly Staphylococcus species) Skin conditions like seborrheic dermatitis or rosacea Clogged oil glands (Meibomian gland dysfunction) Allergic reactions to cosmetics or eye drops
Symptoms
Red, swollen eyelids Itchy or burning eyes Crusty eyelashes, especially upon waking Gritty or foreign body sensation in the eyes Excessive tearing or watery eyes
Diagnosis
Clinical eye examination Observation of eyelid margins and lashes Sometimes cultures if infection is suspected
Treatment
Regular eyelid hygiene and warm compresses Cleaning eyelid margins with diluted baby shampoo or commercial eyelid cleansers Topical or oral antibiotics for bacterial infections Artificial tears to relieve dryness Managing underlying skin conditions like rosacea or seborrheic dermatitis
Prevention & Care
Maintain daily eyelid hygiene Avoid touching or rubbing eyes with dirty hands Replace eye cosmetics regularly and avoid sharing Follow up with an eye specialist if symptoms persist or worsen