Overview
Asbestosis is a chronic lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos fibers. It leads to lung tissue scarring, making it difficult to breathe and reducing lung function over time.
Causes
Prolonged exposure to asbestos fibers Occupational hazards – construction, shipbuilding, insulation work Environmental exposure in buildings with asbestos materials
Symptoms
Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity Persistent dry cough Chest tightness or pain Fatigue and weakness Finger clubbing in severe cases
Diagnosis
Medical history and occupational exposure review Physical examination of the lungs Imaging – chest X-ray or CT scan to detect lung scarring Pulmonary function tests to assess lung capacity Lung biopsy in rare cases for confirmation
Treatment
No cure; focus is on symptom management and slowing progression Oxygen therapy for severe breathing difficulties Medications – to manage inflammation and complications Pulmonary rehabilitation to improve lung function Vaccinations – flu and pneumonia to prevent infections
Complications
Respiratory failure in advanced stages Increased risk of lung cancer or mesothelioma Chronic respiratory infections Reduced quality of life due to limited mobility
Prevention
Avoid occupational or environmental asbestos exposure Use protective equipment when handling asbestos Follow safety regulations in workplaces Regular health monitoring for at-risk workers Early medical consultation if symptoms develop